LUIZ CARLOS DE OLIVEIRA LOPES<\/strong> Date: <\/strong>08\/05\/2019<\/p>\n Examination Board: <\/strong>Thereza Cristina Cardoso Menezes (CPDA\/UFRRJ \u2013 Supervisor), Leonilde Servolo de Medeiros (CPDA\/UFRRJ), Debora Franco Lerrer (CPDA\/UFRRJ), Jo\u00e3o Pacheco de Oliveira Filho (UFRJ), and Sidnei Clemente Peres (UFF).<\/p>\n Abstract:<\/strong> The term Guarani is a category that encompasses many a number of ethnically unique groups such as the Mbya, the Ava, the Nhandeva, the Tupi, and the Kaiowa, who occupy various territories in Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay. This study addresses the Mbya who live in villages on the southern coast of Rio de Janeiro state and in one village on the northern coast of S\u00e3o Paulo, focusing on this group\u2019s processes of territorialization during the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s. These processes took place amid profound political, economic, cultural, and social changes in the Costa Verde and northern S\u00e3o Paulo regions, especially with the construction of the Rio-Santos highway in the 1970s. The ongoing process of territorialization during the decades after 1970 is a starting point for reflection. We find that throughout their struggle for territory, the Guarani have built networks of alliances with white people and other indigenous peoples who face similar struggles involving land litigations in coveted Atlantic Forest areas. Today, the mobilization of the Guarani is marked by the circulation and activation of interethnic networks that take an active role in political struggles for land, health, education, sanitation, etc., as an indigenous ethnic group or as a traditional community within the framework of the Forum of Traditional Communities (FCT). We find that marches in the coastal region have become the driving force for ethnopolitical mobilizations, and act as vectors to promote diverse exchanges and intensify kinship relations.<\/p>\n Keywords:<\/strong> mobility; Guarani-Mbya; spatiality; territorialization; associativism.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n THAIS HELENA MEDEIROS<\/strong> Date: <\/strong>03\/06\/2019<\/p>\n Examination Board: <\/strong>Thereza Cristina Cardoso Menezes (CPDA\/UFRRJ \u2013 Supervisor),\u00a0 F\u00e1tima Portilho (CPDA\/UFRRJ \u2013 Co-Supervisor), Eli de F\u00e1tima Napole\u00e3o de Lima (CPDA\/UFRRJ), Paula Mendes Lacerda (UERJ), and Dan Gabriel D\u2019Onofre Andrade Silva Cordeiro (UFRRJ).<\/p>\n Abstract:<\/strong> This thesis examines practices and social meanings of the exchange relationships in game visits (\u201csair pra ganhar jogo e pagar visita<\/em>\u201d) by soccer clubs and teams in communities and villages in the region of the Tapaj\u00f3s and Arapiuns Rivers in Santar\u00e9m, Par\u00e1. This social practice is based on mutual agreement and permeated by ostentation that focuses on the act of giving, receiving, and rewarding large parties for tournaments, trading in football games, cases of beer, and party invites. We find descriptions in comprehensive historical comparisons and include analyses of the permanences and social transformations, namely football games and parties, as lines that help construct understanding of singular relations. We identify exchanges that are and are not mediated by money, and examine the values and rules that guide social situations. Tournaments are social spaces for fun, and especially the flow of friendly relations. Revelers, metaphors for the clubs, make transactions based on credit and debt and guarantee the continuous flow of events, and also assimilate the temporal demarcations of being together, among allies and friendships. We investigate how mobility and circulation engage people and things in the social network, shaping intercultural processes.<\/p>\n Keywords:<\/strong> trade relations; \u201csair para ganhar jogo e pagar visita<\/em>\u201d; soccer tournaments and parties; Amazon-Par\u00e1.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n RODRIGO KUMMER<\/strong> Date: <\/strong>11\/09\/2019<\/p>\n Examination Board: <\/strong>Eli de F\u00e1tima Napole\u00e3o de Lima (CPDA\/UFRRJ \u2013 Supervisor), Thereza Cristina Cardoso Menezes (CPDA\/UFRRJ), Ana Louise de Carvalho Fiuza (UFV),\u00a0 Susana Cesco (UFF), and Clarice Cristine Ferreira Menezes (UFRRJ).<\/p>\n Abstract:<\/strong> This thesis discusses the processes of permanence among young people in rural areas in the Far West of Santa Catarina. The objective is to understand how the construction of social representations supports and impacts the decision-making processes of these social actors. Over the past decade, more young people are staying in rural areas, and analyzing representations related to these scenarios and reflecting on the imaginations and perceptions is useful to better understand which rurality and which society are present in modern times. Data were collected through questionnaires and interviews, as well as ethnographic monitoring, and indicate that rural young people create a positive representation of the rural environment, founded on flattering perceptions of working conditions, income, and tranquility. When they consider urbanity, they format negative representations linked to the pace of life, lack of autonomy, and risk. These perspectives show that rurality is considered to be a life project, in which relationships of family, generation, gender, income, and protagonism are central elements. Discussions of youth-related issues are needed in families and society to improve life prospects in rural areas.<\/p>\n Keywords:<\/strong> rural youth; permanence; migration; rurality; urbanity; social representations.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n ARIANE DA SILVA FAVARETO<\/strong> Date: <\/strong>18\/10\/2019<\/p>\n Examination Board: <\/strong>Maria Jos\u00e9 Teixeira Carneiro (CPDA\/UFRRJ \u2013 Supervisor), Elisa Guaran\u00e1 de Castro (CPDA\/UFRRJ), and Ana Louise de Carvalho Fiuza (UFV).<\/p>\n Abstract:<\/strong> This thesis analyzes how dimensions of women\u2019s social lives are affected by the dynamics of contemporary rurality and how this is reflected in the social configurations of gender, and in turn, in women\u2019s position in society. This work was inspired by that of Norbert Elias and the use of the term \u201cconfigurations\u201d rather than gender relations in order to encompass a greater complexity of social life, ranging from the initial processes of socialization to more recent interactions, without ignoring exogenous factors that affect social constructions. Way of life is used as a category to understand rurality, which when translated into identities and representations, guides strategies and use of past opportunities linked to agriculture and other more recent ones that involve the use and appreciation of natural resources. This was observed in the municipality of Cunha, located in the Vale do Para\u00edba, state of S\u00e3o Paulo. We analyze the life trajectory of women working in activities related to tourism, agroecology, and livestock through semi-structured interviews as well as participant observation, and find that the dynamics of contemporary rurality create new possibilities for women. It is not straightforward for women to take advantage of these opportunities; this usage varies according to unique life trajectories and the interdependencies that determine use or avoidance of opportunities that emerge and impact social position, especially with regard to work and income, education and training, and the use of time, dimensions of social life that affect women’s capacities.<\/p>\n
\nProcesses of territorialization, circulation, and ethnopolitical mobilization among the Guarani (Mbya) from the coast of Costa Verde<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n
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\nRivers of gifts and debts: exchanges, football matches, and parties between communities and villages on the Arapiuns and Tapaj\u00f3s-Par\u00e1 Rivers<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n
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\nRural youth and permanence: ruralities and urbanities represented in the Far West of Santa Catarina<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n
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\nContemporary rural dynamics and social configurations of gender<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n